I read once that the sea that surrounds Tromsø had very high levels of antidepressants, especially during winter -well the season- depression are quite high in the winter- no surprise!
It seem like the fish can be affected too, like this article from nature.com informs about. This is from the US but I guess the fish in the North of Europe may be equally affected! Or where ever it may be a problem such as this describes. This one is about Prozac, a common antidepressant:
"To investigate the effects of fluoxetine, researchers have turned to a common US freshwater fish.. Normally, fathead minnows show a complex mating behavior, with males building the nests that females visit to lay their eggs. Once the eggs are laid and fertilized, the males tend to them by cleaning away any fungus or dead eggs.
But when fluoxetine is added to the water, all of this changes, said Rebecca Klaper, an ecologist at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee's Great Lakes Water Institute....
-Female fathead minnows seem to be unaffected by the chemical, but at concentrations of fluoxetine that are roughly comparable to the highest levels documented in fresh water, male minnows start to spend more time building their nests. When the dose is increased tenfold, the males "become obsessive, to the point they're ignoring the females", Klaper said.
When fluoxetine concentrations are increased yet again, fathead reproduction completely halts. "The males start killing the females," she said. Klaper also noted that if females are introduced a month after males are exposed to the chemical, the males no longer show this aggressive behavior, but the females still don't lay any eggs. "Something happens in that time," she said."
Read more: Fish-floundering
It seem like the fish can be affected too, like this article from nature.com informs about. This is from the US but I guess the fish in the North of Europe may be equally affected! Or where ever it may be a problem such as this describes. This one is about Prozac, a common antidepressant:
"To investigate the effects of fluoxetine, researchers have turned to a common US freshwater fish.. Normally, fathead minnows show a complex mating behavior, with males building the nests that females visit to lay their eggs. Once the eggs are laid and fertilized, the males tend to them by cleaning away any fungus or dead eggs.
But when fluoxetine is added to the water, all of this changes, said Rebecca Klaper, an ecologist at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee's Great Lakes Water Institute....
-Female fathead minnows seem to be unaffected by the chemical, but at concentrations of fluoxetine that are roughly comparable to the highest levels documented in fresh water, male minnows start to spend more time building their nests. When the dose is increased tenfold, the males "become obsessive, to the point they're ignoring the females", Klaper said.
When fluoxetine concentrations are increased yet again, fathead reproduction completely halts. "The males start killing the females," she said. Klaper also noted that if females are introduced a month after males are exposed to the chemical, the males no longer show this aggressive behavior, but the females still don't lay any eggs. "Something happens in that time," she said."
Read more: Fish-floundering
Although the citizens in
Tromsø have a beautiful night-sky,
they feel rather depressed during winter
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